Hello everyone, As you already know, we have been working hard to bring Sailing to Alora, and we are approaching release! The date has been chosen: Mark your calendars for Saturday, September 5th, 2026.   In the meantime, we've got a bunch of other updates to improve your experience, namely an overhaul for the Native HD renderer in our client (the original HD experience from 2008 RS), which we've updated to include MacOS compatibility, improved performance, and all sorts of new features such as particles on capes, weather effects (rain / lightning), better quality water, a skybox, and more! We've also release a few new QoL / Content updates in-game, such as Barrows pets which act as an item sink, Minimal Mondays for faster clues once a week, the Summer Sweep-up changes from OSRS and more! Theatre of Blood Light Colors plugin: You can now use the Tob Light Colors plugin, which recolors the purple glow around the Theatre of Blood unique chest and adds the Chambers of Xeric light beam above the chest. Minimal Mondays for Clue Scrolls: Every Monday, you'll be able to complete Clue scrolls more quickly! For Easy/Medium clues (between 2-5 steps), you have a 50% chance of reducing by 1 step. For Hard/Elite/Master clues (between 4-8 steps), you have a guaranteed reduction of 1 step. This event is automatic and you will be notified as soon as it turns on or off, as well as on login. Barrows pets: Barrows pets are now obtainable! There is a 1/3,000 chance of obtaining the "Barrows slime" upon defeating any one of the bosses. The slime can follow you around, however you can also use any 3 x barrows set on the slime to unlock that variant of the pet. For example, using 3 x Dharok's armor set on the Barrows slime will unlock Dharok jr.  Mobile Changes: Mobile now uses a new z-buffer renderer. This renderer should lead to higher FPS/better performance on most devices, as well as better battery life. Players can still use the old renderer by toggling the “Legacy renderer” option on the login screen. Native HD Upgrades: Completionist cape particle effects: Completionist capes now all have a particle effect attached to them, which leave a gradient trail of particles behind the player. Players can turn these particles off in the Alora Client Settings plugin config. Texture restored: For a while now, texture on objects, equipment, and NPCs has been missing. We've properly restored them so that the game feels far more high-definition. MacOS Support: Players on Mac OS can now use the native HD renderer. This applies to both older Macs using Intel chips, and newer Macs using Apple Silicon chips. Weather effects: You can select between Rain, Rain & Lightning, and Snow, which creates a nice atmosphere. Skybox: You can now enable a skybox with the sun, moon, clouds and stars visible. It will be synchronized with the time of day on your computer, and will take into account any weather effects for overcast (eg. Rain). Environmental lighting: Objects, NPCs, animations, graphics and projectiles will now light up their surroundings (eg. Torches, fires, lights, furnaces, etc) to provide a more immersive experience. You can toggle the intensity of the lighting in the "Alora Client Settings" plugin on RuneLite, under the "Alora Native HD" section, or turn it off entirely. Atmospheric lighting: Separate from the environmental in a region, regions will now have their own "mood" with the sky, fog and overall lighting changing to match the area. This can also be toggled for intensity (Off/Low/Med/High) in the same "Alora Client Settings" plugin. "HD Textures on OSRS" Setting: In the Alora Client Settings plugin, you can now toggle this option to apply HD textures on OSRS items / objects / NPCs. This is still in early stages and is far from perfect, but will at least texturize the game a bit further. Asynchronous region loading now works properly on HD. Adjusted shadows so that they no longer show up on objects that are lower than a certain height, or sunk into the ground. For example, visually flat objects, such as  seaweed would cast shadows. Upgraded the water to look more pleasant/dynamic. Players can disable the new HD water in the runelite Alora Client Settings plugin. https://i.imgur.com/B6hlnKI.jpeg Re-worked the fog to be more similar to 117HD/GPU, creating a wall of fog around the entire region border, rather than just applying fog in a small area the camera is looking. https://i.imgur.com/zZ8ULFP.jpeg The Alora client settings plugin now allows players to set the shadow quality (None/Low/Medium/High), which will also affect performance. Expanded region map loading has been added to native HD, and can be adjusted in the Alora client settings plugin. The draw distance has now also changed from a cap of 90 to a cap of 184, and will no longer force the client into the “loading - please wait” state when changed. FPS/performance has been increased quite a bit overall. Players can now have more than 1 seed pack at a time. Seed packs can be obtained from completing farming guild contracts, trading in spirit seeds, purchasing them from castle wars, or last man standing. Previously, players could only have 1 seed pack at a time. Players can now have up to 256 at a time. Opening seed packs now works more like wintertodt crates, where no given pack is unique, and seeds will be withdrawn in the order the packs were received. For example, if a player received a hard seed pack, followed by a medium seed pack, they’ll have 2 identical seed packs in their inventory, but regardless of which pack is clicked, the hard seed pack rewards will be obtained first, followed by the medium seed pack rewards. Players will now also be told which tier of seed pack they are getting seeds from. Summer Sweep Up Changes: Gauntlet: There's now a guaranteed random demi-boss spawn at the north/east/south/west-most rooms from the centre. Meaning four demi-bosses with fixed locations, but the specific demi-bosses that you encounter will still be random. Demi-bosses have had their attack range reduced from 16 to 10. Non-demi-boss enemies now have standardised defensive stats, meaning it's never better to kill a wolf over a scorpion, for example. Weapon frames are guaranteed from your first 'low tier' NPC kill. Phren Bark, Crystal Ore and Linum Tirinum are now stackable. Crystal Shards are now automatically placed in your inventory. Additionally, the quantity dropped by enemies has a smaller range, so will feel much more consistent. Crystal Shard costs for crafting various pieces of equipment have been adjusted: Creating a Tier 1 weapon requires no Crystal Shards, down from 20. You'll still need a weapon frame. Creating a Tier 2 weapon requires 50 Crystal Shards, down from 60. Creating a piece of Tier 1 armour requires 50 Crystal Shards, up from 40. Creating a piece of Tier 2 Body armour requires 100 Crystal Shards, up from 80. Creating a piece of Tier 2 Leg or Helmet armour requires 50 Crystal shards, down from 80. Creating a piece of Tier 3 armour requires 100 Crystal Shards, up from 80.  Phantom muspah will no longer change phases until it has also been hit by the player at least 4 times. Demonic Gorillas will no longer swap prayers until you've dealt damage at least 4 times, and dealt at least 70 damage with a style. Demonic gorillas will also no longer swap to the same style they were just using. Weapon Changes: Sanguinesti Staff Changes: Chance to heal increased to 1 in 5 (up from 1 in 6), deals 8 additional damage whenever the heal procs - this averages out to +1.6 damage per hit. Base max hit increased by +1. Charge cost reduced to 2 Blood runes per cast, down from 3. You should be refunded one Blood rune per charge upon logging in after the update. If your inventory is full then they'll go to your bank. If your bank is also full (or you're a UIM with a full inventory) then they'll drop on the ground. Soulreaper Axe Changes Gains +4 Strength bonus. Stack limit remains at 5, with 6% damage bonus gained per stack. Stacks take 50 ticks to start decrementing, up from 20 ticks. Stacks no longer drain/restore HP. Special attack now gains 12% accuracy per stack, up from 6% (60% at max stacks) Special attack now gains 6% minimum hit per stack (30% at max stacks) Ghrazi Rapier Stab accuracy increased by +6, Strength bonus increased by +4. Blade of Saeldor Slash accuracy increased by +6, Strength bonus increased by +4. Pegasian Boots gain +1 Ranged Strength bonus. Master Wand gains +10% Magic Damage bonus. Ancient Sceptres (all variants) have their Magic Damage bonus increased to +10%, up from +5%. Inquisitor changes (it wouldn't be a Summer Sweep-Up without Inquisitor changes) Inquisitor's Great Helm gains +2 Crush accuracy and +2 Strength bonus, to match its Oathplate equivalent. Additionally, provides a +0.5% bonus to Crush damage and Crush accuracy. This boost is no longer increased by a set effect or when using the Inquisitor's Mace specifically. Inquisitor's Hauberk gains +4 Crush accuracy, to match its Oathplate equivalent. Additionally, provides a +1% bonus to Crush damage and Crush accuracy, up from +0.5%. This boost is no longer increased by a set effect or when using the Inquisitor's Mace specifically. Inquisitor's Plateskirt gains no Crush accuracy or Strength, since it already matches its Oathplate equivalent. Additionally, provides a +1% bonus to Crush damage and Crush accuracy, up from +0.5%. This boost is no longer increased by a set effect or when using the Inquisitor's Mace specifically. Inquisitor's Mace gains +7 Strength bonus and +7 Crush accuracy. This guarantees a max hit in all setups, and might add +2 max hits in some setups. Additionally, any negative Stab/Slash bonuses have been removed from Inquisitor armour pieces. Shaman Mask Magic bonus increased to +2 from -6. Tonalztics of Ralos improvements: Special attack buffed to reduce opponent's Defence by 12.5% of its Magic level per hit, up from 10%. Special attack buffed to grant +50% increased accuracy. Burning Claws Special Attack Energy cost increased to 35% from 30%. PvP Only: The Eclipse Atlatl now fires every 4 ticks while set to Rapid, unless the full Eclipse set is worn to reduce the attack rate back to 3 ticks. PvP Only: The Soulflame Horn's Accuracy boost for Special Attacks has been reduced to +50%, down from +100%. Quality of Life: Fixed a bug where some weapons would not clip properly into the player’s hands in 2010 mode. Moved the hitsplat damage text down 1 pixel. Players can now use a spade on a farming patch to clear the patch at any stage. This will reset the patch, removing any planted seed, regardless of growth stage. Added the Dark Wintertodt plugin to the plugin-hub to make wintertodt less harsh on the eyes. Added the Client Resizer plugin to the plugin-hub, allowing players to use hotkeys to resize their client quickly.  The moss giant area in the Edgeville dungeon is now a multi-combat zone. Amy’s saw (offhand) now has a bank placeholder. Giant Mole Donator Perk: Mole part drops (skin, claws) from the Giant Mole will now have a chance to drop extras for Legendary+ donators, specifically to help Ironmen grind their brews. Regardless of donator rank, there is a 25% chance of extra drops, and if you land it, all the skins / claws will be noted from that drop, with the range of extra items being: Legendary: 1 extra Uber: 1-2 extra Master: 1-3 extra Immortal: 2-3 extra Eternal: 2-4 extra The roll is separate per item dropped, so you could land it on both skins and claws, or one and not the other, or neither. Players can now use the sand in the north section of the donator zone to fill up empty buckets. Collection Log Drop Rates: When clicking on an item in your collection log, it will now show you the drop rate for that item if possible. This will only work for bosses (not raids, minigames, etc) with a few exceptions (eg. The Inferno, Fight Caves). The rate will be unique to you at this current moment, not at the moment the drop was received. For example, if you have a Drop booster active and just upgraded your donator status, you will see a higher rate than when you received the drop. Made the transparent chatbox use an opacity gradient rather than a uniform transparent shade of black. Also made the line above the chatbox and above the username match, and also use the same opacity gradient. Also added a bit more padding between the chat stones in resizable mode so that occupy a more similar width to the chatbox. The whip idle animation on 2010 mode now uses the oldschool swinging whip animation. The tears of guthix minigame will now always rotate the tears in the same order for GGGBBB, meaning the 3 green tears will change first, followed by the 3 blue tears. Players will now continue to collect tears in the Tears of Guthix minigame until they click away or the minigame ends. The dragonstone bolt (e) effect can now apply to NPC's. The equipment interface will now show the spell attack speed when an autocast spell is set (or the player is using a powered staff). Players can now light logs on the ground with a bow even if it is equipped. Adjusted render priorities on LD/Native HD so that player equipment clips properly. Announced loot from Guardians of the Rift will now show the amount of rift searches rather than the amount of rifts closed. You can now "use" Elite partner swap tickets on Ironman accounts to trade the item over.  Announced loot from Tempoross will now show the amount of pool searches rather than the amount of Tempoross completions. Event Managers can now boost the drop rate for Desert Treasure 2 bosses up to 1.2x (20% easier). Bugs: Fixed a bug where the shift-withdraw ui swap in the menu entry swapper plugin was not working properly. Fixed a bug where the Shift-click deposit mode menu entry swapper option on the bank inventory interface was not working. Fixed a bug where proselyte/initiate armour sets would delete remaining set pieces if the player had no space in their inventory. Fixed a bug where players could attack Obor before climbing into the pit. Fixed a bug where Phosani’s nightmare’s range attack max hit was 83 instead of 80. Fixed a bug where Ancient shard drops in the Catacombs were being converted to totem pieces. Server/drop boosts will no longer increase the chance of getting an elite clue from Phosani's nightmare (since the rate is 1/35).  Fixed a bug where pieces of the ::event rooftop above the Grand Exchange would be flaoting in the air. Fixed a bug where the equipment inspector plugin’s total value would sometimes overflow, showing negative values. Players can no longer get gap on an attacker when running from them in PvP if the attacker is manually casting a magic spell. Previously, if the pker was using a manual cast spell on a target, it would often lead to the target getting gap due to the server trying to reset the player’s pathing. It should no longer be possible to get gap on a pker in a direct chase. Eldric the ice king's drop table will now show the deadeye prayer scroll rather than the mystic vigour scroll. Adept/Apprentice/Expert potion packs now provide 4 loot rolls rather than 1. Fixed a bug where entering a new TOA room would not properly update the music track. There should now be a new music track playing in each room. Fixed a bug where “Line1” would sometimes overwrite the chatbox dialogue in Player/Item dialogue interfaces. Fixed a bug which caused players to be teleported out of the Theatre of Blood in rare conditions. Fixed a bug where clicking the "Close" option on the incinerator confirmation interface would delete an item in the player's bank. Fixed an achievement diary typo stating players needed level 80 woodcutting to chop magic logs. Fixed a bug where some loot sources would provide platinum tokens instead of coins. Fixed a bug where some wilderness bosses would count as 2 kills on a slayer task. The "Perfection of Scabaras" combat achievement no longer requires you to complete the Path of Scabaras in less than 1 minute (like the Perfect Scabaras CA). Fixed a bug where the Tears of Guthix plugin would not show the green stream timer. Fixed a bug where players could collect negative tears of guthix. This had no real impact except for if the player had spent too much time in front of the green tears and tried to continue collecting blue tears afterwards. Fixed bugged dialogue when opening the forgotten lockbox. Fixed a bug where the master clue scroll step requiring a player to slap their head was not working. Fixed a bug where the Hunter rumours plugin would sometimes show the incorrect rumour. Fixed a bug where the npc drop searcher wouldn't show Yama's stats. Fixed a bug where the collection log would show the incorrect amount of unique items unlocked. For some players who had unlocked items in the collection log that were then removed (some league items for example), these items would have increased the unique item count, even though they weren’t actually collection log items anymore. The bonus damage/accuracy from a slayer helmet will now apply to Araxxor's minions when on a boss task. Fixed a bug where players could not open scroll boxes if they had a stack larger than 1. Fixed a bug where the mobile client would stutter constantly while playing. Fixed a bug where farming patches would not update properly on mobile. Fixed a bug where a player losing their hardcore status to brutus would say they lost it to hydra. Fixed a bug where wilderness skotizo could get stuck against objects sometimes. Fixed a bug where players could get a double clue scroll drop from the Nightmare. Fixed a bug where the player indicators plugin would not highlight players when the "PvP" option was selected in areas like the duel arena/castle wars, unless you were attacking that player. Venator bow (charged) will now have a higher protection value to protect over less valuable items. Fixed a bug where the stairs in the Falador party room would get players stuck in a wall.     We hope you enjoy this update, and we look forward to experiencing Sailing together for the first time on an RSPS!   Best, Omicron

Appreciate everyone who participated in these Community Award nominations, wouldn't be much of a community without all of your continued support. Once again thanks to [member="Pase"] for the signatures, and thanks to [member="Mieu"] for helping with the vote tallying. Without further ado here are the winners for each category and the signatures to follow. Staff: Players: If anyone has any community friendly suggestions for new awards please feel free to reach out to me or post in this thread :)  

[attachment=2395:Header.png] Hello everyone, and welcome to the May & June edition of The Alora Times! I am [member='18'], your new editor-in-chief. @[member='h'] has finally decided to go touch some grass and get a suntan. @[member='GL'] could not be reached as always (probably has notification muted again). Thus, you are stuck with me. I hope I could bring some interesting newspaper reads to you guys. First, I would like to wish all our US players a happy Fourth of July! Party, drink and light fireworks but remember that safety first and don't drink & drive. Stay safe! Second, we are currently beta (closed beta) testing Sailing so it should come out soon! Stay tuned for more info on it! ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________   [attachment=2396:News & Updates.png]   [topic='100853']Bonus Schedule for July[/topic]   [topic='100857']July Vote Competition [July 1st - July 21st][/topic]   [topic='100858'][30/06/26] Variable Ironman XP Rates, 117HD Improvements, Hops Farming, Emotes Update & more![/topic]   [topic='100886']Weekend Events 7/3/2026 | 7/5/2026[/topic]   If you want to check out our past updates, click here. For events, click here.   ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________   [attachment=2397:Rule Updates.png] None this month!   [attachment=2398:Rule GIF.gif]   Alora's Official Rules can be found here.   ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________   [attachment=2399:Staff Updates.png] The latest Staff Changes are as follows:   Promotions: [member="18"] has been promoted to Administrator. [member="Gl"] has been promoted to Administrator. [member="Cmdr Data"] has been promoted to Senior Moderator. [member="Mieu"] has been promoted to Senior Moderator. [member="Kohlrabi"] has been promoted to Game Moderator.   Secondary ranks: [member="Mieu"] has added a secondary rank to [member="Sakura"]   Resignations: N/A   Demotions: N/A   To see our past Staff Updates, click here.   ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________   [attachment=2400:RNG Showcase.png]       ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________   [attachment=2401:Goals & Achievements.png] Stay up to date with some of our community members' recent Goals & Achievements:    [member='Cmdr Data'] Inferno Cape #1   [member='Nathy'] Nathy's Inferno Cape   [member='Real Alan'] The Driest Soul at Sarachnis - Part 2     Disclaimer: Make a topic in our Goals and Achievements section or send your achievement in the #newspaper_submissions channel in Alora Discord to be featured here! ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________   [attachment=2402:The Graveyard.png]   [attachment=2403:Gravestone.png] Here we honour our fallen comrades from the last month and there were a few of them! We wish them the best on their new ironman journeys and better luck next time!   Hardcore Ironman Hdrop has fallen at 1,855 to Corporeal Beast! Hardcore Ironman AssasinJT has fallen at 1,365 to stopcrying9! Hardcore Group Ironman Nagua has fallen at 1,947 to Kraken! Hardcore Ironman HC kneusje has fallen at 1,446 to Amexccard! Hardcore Ironman uselesshcv3 has fallen at 2,133 to General Graardor! Hardcore Ironman Dajasp1 has fallen at 1,810 to Vorkath! Hardcore Ironman Znaapof has fallen at 1,940 to Doom of Mokhaiotl! Hardcore Ironman Beardless has fallen at 1,217 to Blood Moon! Hardcore Ironman Iron Around has fallen at 1,127 to Classic alfi! Hardcore Group Ironman Sitcar has fallen at 2,105 to 93! Hardcore Ironman HCTW3LV has fallen at 1,364 to Retatrutide! Hardcore Ironman BigHondo has fallen at 1,958 to Amoxliatl! Hardcore Ironman Lapped has fallen at 1,916 to Araxxor! Hardcore Ironman velmas has fallen at 2,107 to Demonic gorilla! Hardcore Ironman leaky peenV2 has fallen at 2,013 to Alchemical Hydra! Hardcore Ironman Fe Santa has fallen at 1,789 to Hill Giant! Hardcore Ironman Mr Big Balls has fallen at 1,980 to Xudi! Hardcore Ironman Loppuasukas has fallen at 1,675 to Zulrah! Hardcore Ironman Fluitje has fallen at 1,771 to Dust devil! Hardcore Ironman leaky v3 has fallen at 1,060 to Fareed! Hardcore Ironman Calendar has fallen at 1,806 to Iron dragon! Hardcore Ironman Scooby Dooo has fallen at 1,433 to Cave horror! Hardcore Ironman saeedpod has fallen at 2,277 to Duke Sucellus! Hardcore Ironman HC Smith has fallen at 1,314 to Cave horror! Hardcore Ironman 1713 has fallen at 1,211 to BaBa Ya Ga! Hardcore Ironman 0c10 has fallen at 1,372 to Iron dragon! Hardcore Ironman Dead hets has fallen at 2,196 to Araxxor! Hardcore Ironman RNGoblin has fallen at 1,940 to Vorkath! Hardcore Ironman ILikeDying has fallen at 1,318 to ILikeDying! Hardcore Ironman 27x has fallen at 1,348 to Elder custodian stalker! Hardcore Ironman Wontsay has fallen at 2,048 to Doom of Mokhaiotl! Hardcore Ironman leaky v4 has fallen at 1,450 to Greater Nechryael! Hardcore Ironman HCI Michael has fallen at 1,007 to Cave horror! Hardcore Ironman trevnenant has fallen at 1,136 to Cave horror! Hardcore Group Ironman bald hcim has fallen at 1,806 to Araxxor! ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________   [attachment=2404:Interviews.png] For this edition, we are going to interview [member='Mieu']!   [member='18']: What is your most memorable moment while playing Alora? [member='Mieu']: One of my most memorable moments on Alora was the ICE 2026 bingo event, it was so much fun spending a lot of time with my friends pulling insane degen hours.   [member='18']: Do you have any current goal(s)? [member='Mieu']: Right now on Alora I'm trying to get soulreaper axe before returning back to the tob grind.   [member='18']: What place or country would you like to visit the most in your life? [member='Mieu']: I would go to a small town in southernmost Sweden where the grass is very green, the gargoyles are abundant, and everything is peaceful. [member='18']: If you can learn and master one skill instantly, what would it be? [member='Mieu']: I'd pick languages so that I can talk to anyone and everyone, and read all the ancient texts.    [member='18']: If Omicron gave you a chance to add 1 feature/update to Alora, what would it be? [member='Mieu']: I would add the color #404040 to the makeover mage, it's the best color in OSRS but not yet on Alora.   [member='18']: What made you pick Alora and what made you stay? [member='Mieu']: I picked Alora bcs it remains as close as possible to OSRS and doesn't feel like a private server most of the time. I like the smaller community vibe and I've stayed bcs of all the good friends I've made along the way.   If you are interested in being interview for the next newspaper edition, please contact [member='18'] via pm or discord. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ [attachment=2405:Member of the month.png] The winner of May MOTM's is... [member='Thyroidz1'] Congratulations! You have stood out in the eyes of the Alora community. Thank you for being a great member here on Alora and enjoy your rewards. :) The link to the Member of the Month thread can be found here. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________   [attachment=2406:Content Creators.png] Make sure to check out our streamers and video makers. They would love to have you keep them company during their streams and check out the content they create for Alora!   [member="casa"] https://www.youtube.com/channel/UClMvGtkUxyxU--uIM8SSRkQ [member="walkchaos"] https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCfSUF-7-QehS6ALll4nl3OA [member="maxi rs"] https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCeDXzfBMcClqATArQ6zI28Q [member="no bank mate"] https://www.youtube.com/@Luckyrsps ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________   [attachment=2407:Video of the month.png] [media]https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fBdGPAhw5dI[/media]   ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________   Did you know...   Wombat poop is cube-shaped. Wombats are the only known animals in the world that produce barrel-shaped, cubic feces. Their intestines have unique horizontal ridges and varying elasticity that sculpt the feces into rigid blocks. Because wombats have poor eyesight but excellent smell, they stack their droppings on rocks and logs to mark their territory and the flat sides ensure the poop doesn't roll away.   The total weight of all the ants on Earth used to be roughly equal to all humans, but we've been outnumbered. Biologists estimate there are roughly 20 quadrillion individual ants alive on Earth at any given time. If you were to weigh them all together, their combined biomass is about 12 million tons. While humans have since surpassed that total mass due to our population boom, the sheer sheer scale of the ant empire means there are about 2.5 million ants for every single human on the planet.   --------------------------   That is it folks! Thank you for taking your time and reading this edition of the Alora Times!   If you enjoy Alora content, make sure to hit the Subscribe button on their channels to show them your support!   If I've missed anyone I do apologize, just message me on the forums or on Discord with a link to your channel and I will add you in. That concludes this edition of the Alora Newspaper! If you would like to see something added to the paper make sure to message [member='18']! You can read the previous edition by clicking here. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________